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Basic Structure of a URL

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Basic structure of a URL

Protocol — Specifies the protocol name be used to access the resource on the Internet. (HTTP (without SSL) or HTTPS (with SSL))
hostname — Host name specifies the host that owns the resource. For example, www.stackoverflow.com. A server provides services using the name of the host.
port — A port number used to recognize a specific process to which an Internet or other network message is to be forwarded when it arrives at a server.
pathname — The path gives info about the specific resource within the host that the Web client wants to access. For example, /index.html.
query — A query string follows the path component, and provides a string of information that the resource can utilize for some purpose (for example, as parameters for a search or as data to be processed).
hash — The anchor portion of a URL, includes the hash sign (#).
With these Location object properties you can access all of these URL components

hash – Sets or returns the anchor portion of a URL.
host – Sets or returns the hostname and port of a URL.
hostname – Sets or returns the hostname of a URL.
href – Sets or returns the entire URL.
pathname – Sets or returns the path name of a URL.
port – Sets or returns the port number the server uses for a URL.
protocol – Sets or returns the protocol of a URL.
search – Sets or returns the query portion of a URL

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